Three Kinds of Rising-Falling Contours in German wh-Questions: Evidence From Form and Function
نویسندگان
چکیده
The intonational realization of utterances is generally characterized by regional as well inter- and intra-speaker variability in f0. Category boundaries thus remain “fuzzy” it non-trivial how the (continuous) acoustic space maps onto (discrete) pitch accent categories. We focus on three types rising-falling contours, which differ alignment L(ow) H(igh) tones with respect to stressed syllable. Most systems German have described two rising categories, e.g., L+H * L +H ToBI system. has a high-pitched syllable low leading tone aligned pre-tonic syllable; low-pitched high trailing post-tonic There are indications for existence third category lies between these both H within syllable, henceforth termed (LH) . In present paper, we empirically investigate distinctiveness contours [L+H , +H, all subsequent boundary tone] wh -questions. employ an approach that addresses form function also taking variation into account. Experiment 1 ( ), used delayed imitation paradigm test whether Northern Southern speakers can imitate -questions distinct contours. 2 free association task listeners interpret pragmatic meaning differently. Imitation results showed speakers—both from North South—reproduced was small but significant effect variety such produced were slightly more than those South. task, varieties attributed meanings opposed accents +H. Combined evidence suggests be found perceptual
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Communication
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['2297-900X']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2022.838955